Canada anemone grows in moist meadows, thickets, stream banks and lake shores across Canada, the central and eastern United States and the mountains of New Mexico. VASCAN lists it as native in every Canadian province and territory except Yukon, including Quebec. It spreads by rhizomes and can become aggressive in favourable conditions.
Linnaeus described it in 1768 as Anemone canadensis, and Sergei Mosyakin moved it to the genus Anemonastrum in 2007 to keep genera monophyletic. The sap is a skin irritant, as in other buttercup relatives. Wikipedia reports that Indigenous peoples used it medicinally, with Plains peoples especially valuing the root.